November 30, 2007
From Dr. Kristin Heeney - Why is the letter “E” on top of all eye charts?
From Ask Yahoo!
Dear Yahoo!: Why is the letter ?E? on top of all eye charts?
Rebecca
Beaverton, Oregon
Dear Rebecca:
The standard eye chart is called the Snellen Chart, after the Dutch ophthalmologist Herman Snellen (1834-1908). Snellen developed the chart in 1862; it measures visual acuity, or the ability to see from a fixed distance.
Why the big ?E?? That?s how Snellen designed the original, and having a standard letter on top helps to determine the chart?s size and the distance it should be from the patient. However, we found several variations of the Snellen chart: the letter ?A? on top, ?K V D? on top, as well as the letter ?F.?
The size of the letters relative to each other is very important. Snellen letters, also known as optotypes, grow progressively smaller according to a constant ratio. The eighth row of letters is usually the 20/20 line. Someone with 20/20 vision has ?normal? vision (though 61% of Americans wear corrective lenses), while someone with 20/40 vision can only see at twenty feet what a normal person can see from forty feet.
Some charts use a series of ?Es? facing different directions; the objective is to identify the directions of the letters. This is a popular test for children or people who can?t read.


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